The Reality Splitter is a technology which, when utilised, can “split” geographic areas into two localised parallel dimensions occupying the same geographic space. Once “split,” changes in one localised parallel dimension do not affect events that go on in the other.* However, space outside the area in which the Reality Splitter is used is entirely unaffected. When people enter a physical area in which the Reality Splitter was used for the first time, they must choose up to one of the parallel dimensions to enter. Once that person chooses which dimension to enter, they will only ever “see” that dimension when they occupy that physical area for the rest of their lives.

*For example, if someone were to use the Reality Splitter in a forest, two forests occupying the same overlapping space would now exist. In one dimension, people could remove trees from the forest, while in the other dimension the forest would be entirely unaffected.

Investor-state arbitration allows investors or businesses to bring a case directly against the government of the country that they are operating in. In the 1970s, states began signing treaties that allowed for investor-state arbitration. Moving to an investor-state arbitration system led to a significant increase in the number of cases brought and won against developing countries by foreign investors. Some countries have attempted to replace investor-state arbitration with state-state arbitration. In a state-state arbitration system, the investor or business has to lobby the government of their home country to bring a dispute against the country they are operating in.

BlackRock, Vanguard and State Street (referred to as ‘the Big Three’) are asset management firms which manage $15 trillion in combined assets. The firms manage funds invested by large institutions like pension funds and university endowments as well as those for companies and, in some cases, individual investors. Combined, they are the largest owner in nearly 90% of the S&P 500 companies.

Recently an open letter was signed by hundreds of tech leaders and developers calling on countries to halt the development of AI systems with human-competitive intelligence (e.g., large language models such as GPT-4) for a period of at least six months.

Joint Enterprise is a doctrine in criminal law that states that associates can be convicted of the same crime as the main offender if they are seen as being involved in its commission. If one's knowledge, presence, or actions indicate that they played part in the crime, they may be convicted under Joint Enterprise.